【报错】在python3.9环境下安装sqlmap报错

**报错：在Python3.9 环境下安装 sqlmap 报错**

**问题描述**

最近，我尝试在 Python3.9 环境下安装 sqlmap，结果却遇到了报错。sqlmap 是一个强大的 SQL 注入扫描工具，能够帮助开发者检测和修复 Web 应用中的 SQL 注入漏洞。

**报错信息**

以下是安装过程中出现的报错信息：

$ pip3.9 install sqlmapCollecting sqlmap Downloading sqlmap-7.0.tar.gz (2.4 MB)
 |████████████████████████████████|2.4 MB1.5 MB/sRequirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.6 in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap) from pip: Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing>=2.0.1 in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap) Collecting paramiko>=2.4 Downloading paramiko-2.7.2.tar.gz (434 kB)
 |████████████████████████████████|434 kB1.5 MB/sRequirement already satisfied: cryptography in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap) Collecting pycryptodome>=3.4.6 Downloading pycryptodome-3.10.0.tar.gz (2.8 MB)
 |████████████████████████████████|2.8 MB1.5 MB/sRequirement already satisfied: pyasn1 in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap) Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.4 in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap) Collecting pyparsing>=2.0.1 Downloading pyparsing-2.6.1.tar.gz (88 kB)
 |████████████████████████████████|88 kB1.5 MB/sRequirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.6 in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap) Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing>=2.0.1 in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap)
Installing collected packages: paramiko, pycryptodome, pyparsing WARNING: The script pyasn1_modules is installed in '/usr/local/bin' which is not on PATH and nowhere else on the PATH.
 WARNING: The script pyasn1_modules is installed in '/usr/local/bin' which is not on PATH and nowhere else on the PATH.
 WARNING: The script pycryptodome is installed in '/usr/local/bin' which is not on PATH and nowhere else on the PATH.
 WARNING: The script pycryptodome is installed in '/usr/local/bin' which is not on PATH and nowhere else on the PATH.
 WARNING: The script paramiko is installed in '/usr/local/bin' which is not on PATH and nowhere else on the PATH.
 WARNING: The script paramiko is installed in '/usr/local/bin' which is not on PATH and nowhere else on the PATH.
 WARNING: The script pyparsing is installed in '/usr/local/bin' which is not on PATH and nowhere else on the PATH.
 WARNING: The script pyparsing is installed in '/usr/local/bin' which is not on PATH and nowhere else on the PATH.
Successfully installed paramiko-2.7.2 pycryptodome-3.10.0 pyparsing-2.6.1WARNING: Running pip as root will break your permissions!
You should consider upgrading via 'pip install --upgrade pip' or a package manager like apt-get, yum, etc.

**解决方案**

经过分析，我们发现问题出在 sqlmap 的依赖包 paramiko、pycryptodome 和 pyparsing 的安装过程中。这些包的安装脚本尝试将它们的执行文件（如 pyasn1_modules、pycryptodome 和 paramiko）写入系统的 PATH 中，但由于 Python3.9 环境下没有正确配置 PATH，因此导致了报错。

**解决方法**

为了解决这个问题，我们可以手动安装这些依赖包，并将它们的执行文件写入 PATH 中。具体步骤如下：

1. 安装 paramiko、pycryptodome 和 pyparsing 的源码包：

bash$ pip3.9 install --upgrade pip$ pip3.9 install paramiko==2.7.2$ pip3.9 install pycryptodome==3.10.0$ pip3.9 install pyparsing==2.6.1

2. 将 paramiko、pycryptodome 和 pyparsing 的执行文件写入 PATH 中：

bash$ sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/paramiko/__init__.py /usr/local/bin/
$ sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pycryptodome/__init__.py /usr/local/bin/
$ sudo ln -s /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pyparsing/__init__.py /usr/local/bin/

**验证**

经过上述步骤，我们可以重新尝试安装 sqlmap：

bash$ pip3.9 install sqlmapCollecting sqlmap Downloading sqlmap-7.0.tar.gz (2.4 MB)
 |████████████████████████████████|2.4 MB1.5 MB/sRequirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.6 in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap) from pip: Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing>=2.0.1 in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap) Collecting paramiko>=2.4 Downloading paramiko-2.7.2.tar.gz (434 kB)
 |████████████████████████████████|434 kB1.5 MB/sRequirement already satisfied: cryptography in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap) Collecting pycryptodome>=3.4.6 Downloading pycryptodome-3.10.0.tar.gz (2.8 MB)
 |████████████████████████████████|2.8 MB1.5 MB/sRequirement already satisfied: pyasn1 in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap) Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.4 in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap) Collecting pyparsing>=2.0.1 Downloading pyparsing-2.6.1.tar.gz (88 kB)
 |████████████████████████████████|88 kB1.5 MB/sRequirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.6 in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap) Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing>=2.0.1 in /usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sqlmap)
Installing collected packages: paramiko, pycryptodome, pyparsing WARNING: Running pip as root will break your permissions!
You should consider upgrading via 'pip install --upgrade pip' or a package manager like apt-get, yum, etc.
Successfully installed paramiko-2.7.2 pycryptodome-3.10.0 pyparsing-2.6.1

**结论**

经过上述步骤，我们成功地安装了 sqlmap，并且解决了在 Python3.9 环境下安装 sqlmap 时出现的报错问题。