华为、阿里巴巴、字节跳动 100+ Python 面试问题总结(四)
发布人:shili8
发布时间:2024-12-29 20:17
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**华为、阿里巴巴、字节跳动100+ Python 面试问题总结(四)**
本篇文章是我们对华为、阿里巴巴、字节跳动等公司Python面试题的总结,包含了100多个常见的问题和示例代码。这些问题涵盖了数据结构、算法、网络编程、数据库等方面。
**一、数据结构**
1. **链表**
*什么是链表?(简答)
* 如何实现一个链表的插入操作?(代码示例)
class Node: def __init__(self, data): self.data = data self.next = Nonedef insert(head, data): new_node = Node(data) if head is None: return new_node cur = head while cur.next is not None: cur = cur.next cur.next = new_node return head
2. **栈**
*什么是栈?(简答)
* 如何实现一个栈的push和pop操作?(代码示例)
class Stack: def __init__(self): self.items = [] def push(self, item): self.items.append(item) def pop(self): return self.items.pop()
3. **队列**
*什么是队列?(简答)
* 如何实现一个队列的enqueue和dequeue操作?(代码示例)
class Queue: def __init__(self): self.items = [] def enqueue(self, item): self.items.append(item) def dequeue(self): return self.items.pop(0)
4. **树**
*什么是树?(简答)
* 如何实现一个二叉树的插入操作?(代码示例)
class Node: def __init__(self, data): self.data = data self.left = None self.right = Nonedef insert(root, data): if root is None: return Node(data) elif data < root.data: root.left = insert(root.left, data) else: root.right = insert(root.right, data) return root
5. **图**
*什么是图?(简答)
* 如何实现一个图的邻接矩阵和邻接链表表示法?(代码示例)
class Graph: def __init__(self, num_vertices): self.num_vertices = num_vertices self.adj_matrix = [[0 for _ in range(num_vertices)] for _ in range(num_vertices)] self.adj_list = [[] for _ in range(num_vertices)] def add_edge(self, u, v): self.adj_matrix[u][v] =1 self.adj_list[u].append(v)
**二、算法**
1. **排序**
*什么是排序?(简答)
* 如何实现一个快速排序算法?(代码示例)
def quicksort(arr): if len(arr) <=1: return arr pivot = arr[len(arr) //2] left = [x for x in arr if x < pivot] middle = [x for x in arr if x == pivot] right = [x for x in arr if x > pivot] return quicksort(left) + middle + quicksort(right)
2. **查找**
*什么是查找?(简答)
* 如何实现一个二分查找算法?(代码示例)
def binary_search(arr, target): low =0 high = len(arr) -1 while low <= high: mid = (low + high) //2 if arr[mid] == target: return mid elif arr[mid] < target: low = mid +1 else: high = mid -1 return -1
3. **递归**
*什么是递归?(简答)
* 如何实现一个斐波那契数列的递归算法?(代码示例)
def fibonacci(n): if n <=1: return n else: return fibonacci(n -1) + fibonacci(n -2)
4. **动态规划**
*什么是动态规划?(简答)
* 如何实现一个最长上升子序列的动态规划算法?(代码示例)
def longest_ascending_subsequence(arr): n = len(arr) dp = [1 for _ in range(n)] for i in range(1, n): for j in range(i): if arr[i] > arr[j]: dp[i] = max(dp[i], dp[j] +1) return max(dp)
**三、网络编程**
1. **TCP**
*什么是 TCP 协议?(简答)
* 如何实现一个 TCP 客户端和服务器的通信?(代码示例)
import socketdef tcp_client(): client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) client_socket.connect(('localhost',12345)) message = 'Hello, server!' client_socket.send(message.encode()) response = client_socket.recv(1024).decode() print(response) def tcp_server(): server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) server_socket.bind(('localhost',12345)) server_socket.listen(5) while True: client_socket, address = server_socket.accept() message = client_socket.recv(1024).decode() print(message) response = 'Hello, client!' client_socket.send(response.encode()) client_socket.close() tcp_client() tcp_server()
2. **UDP**
*什么是 UDP 协议?(简答)
* 如何实现一个 UDP 客户端和服务器的通信?(代码示例)
import socketdef udp_client(): client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) message = 'Hello, server!' client_socket.sendto(message.encode(), ('localhost',12345)) response = client_socket.recvfrom(1024)[0].decode() print(response) def udp_server(): server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) server_socket.bind(('localhost',12345)) while True: message, address = server_socket.recvfrom(1024) print(message.decode()) response = 'Hello, client!' server_socket.sendto(response.encode(), address) udp_client() udp_server()
**四、数据库**
1. **MySQL**
*什么是 MySQL?(简答)
* 如何实现一个 MySQL 数据库的连接和查询操作?(代码示例)
import mysql.connectordef mysql_connect(): db = mysql.connector.connect( host='localhost', user='root', password='password', database='mydb' ) cursor = db.cursor() query = 'SELECT * FROM mytable' cursor.execute(query) result = cursor.fetchall() print(result) db.close() mysql_connect()
2. **SQLite**
*什么是 SQLite?(简答)
* 如何实现一个 SQLite 数据库的连接和查询操作?(代码示例)
import sqlite3def sqlite_connect(): conn = sqlite3.connect('mydb.db') cursor = conn.cursor() query = 'SELECT * FROM mytable' cursor.execute(query) result = cursor.fetchall() print(result) conn.close() sqlite_connect()
本篇文章总结了华为、阿里巴巴、字节跳动等公司Python面试题的常见问题和示例代码。这些问题涵盖了数据结构、算法、网络编程、数据库等方面。希望通过阅读这篇文章,能够帮助你更好地准备面试,并且能够更好地理解这些技术知识。