python3+requests+unittest实战系列【二】

**Python3 + Requests + Unittest 实战系列【二】**

在上一篇文章中，我们已经学习了如何使用 Python3、Requests 库和 Unittest 框架来编写测试用例。今天，我们将继续深入探讨这些技术的应用。

### **1. 测试 API 接口**

我们将创建一个简单的 API 接口，用于演示测试的过程。这个接口将提供一些基本的 CRUD 操作（Create、Read、Update 和 Delete）。

#### **API 接口定义**

# api.pyfrom flask import Flask, request, jsonifyapp = Flask(__name__)

#一个简单的数据存储，用于演示测试data = [
 {"id":1, "name": "John"},
 {"id":2, "name": "Alice"}
]

@app.route("/users", methods=["GET"])
def get_users():
 return jsonify(data)

@app.route("/users/<int:user_id>", methods=["GET"])
def get_user(user_id):
 for user in data:
 if user["id"] == user_id:
 return jsonify(user)
 return jsonify({"error": "User not found"}),404@app.route("/users", methods=["POST"])
def create_user():
 new_user = {
 "id": len(data) +1,
 "name": request.json["name"]
 }
 data.append(new_user)
 return jsonify(new_user),201@app.route("/users/<int:user_id>", methods=["PUT"])
def update_user(user_id):
 for user in data:
 if user["id"] == user_id:
 user["name"] = request.json["name"]
 return jsonify(user)
 return jsonify({"error": "User not found"}),404@app.route("/users/<int:user_id>", methods=["DELETE"])
def delete_user(user_id):
 for i, user in enumerate(data):
 if user["id"] == user_id:
 del data[i]
 return jsonify({"message": "User deleted"})
 return jsonify({"error": "User not found"}),404if __name__ == "__main__":
 app.run(debug=True)

# test_api.pyimport unittestfrom requests import get, post, put, deletefrom api import appclass TestAPI(unittest.TestCase):
 def setUp(self):
 self.app = app.test_client()

 def test_get_users(self):
 response = get('/users')
 self.assertEqual(response.status_code,200)
 self.assertIn('John', str(response.data))
 self.assertIn('Alice', str(response.data))

 def test_get_user(self):
 response = get('/users/1')
 self.assertEqual(response.status_code,200)
 self.assertIn('John', str(response.data))

 def test_create_user(self):
 new_user = {'name': 'Bob'}
 response = post('/users', json=new_user)
 self.assertEqual(response.status_code,201)
 self.assertIn('Bob', str(response.data))

 def test_update_user(self):
 update_user = {'name': 'Charlie'}
 response = put('/users/1', json=update_user)
 self.assertEqual(response.status_code,200)
 self.assertIn('Charlie', str(response.data))

 def test_delete_user(self):
 response = delete('/users/1')
 self.assertEqual(response.status_code,200)
 self.assertNotIn('John', str(response.data))

if __name__ == '__main__':
 unittest.main()

# db.pyimport sqlite3class Database:
 def __init__(self, db_name):
 self.conn = sqlite3.connect(db_name)
 self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()

 def create_table(self):
 self.cursor.execute('''
 CREATE TABLE users (
 id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
 name TEXT NOT NULL )
 ''')
 self.conn.commit()

 def insert_user(self, user):
 self.cursor.execute('INSERT INTO users (id, name) VALUES (?, ?)', (user['id'], user['name']))
 self.conn.commit()

 def get_user(self, user_id):
 self.cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?', (user_id,))
 return self.cursor.fetchone()

 def update_user(self, user_id, new_name):
 self.cursor.execute('UPDATE users SET name = ? WHERE id = ?', (new_name, user_id))
 self.conn.commit()

 def delete_user(self, user_id):
 self.cursor.execute('DELETE FROM users WHERE id = ?', (user_id,))
 self.conn.commit()

# test_db.pyimport unittestfrom db import Databaseclass TestDatabase(unittest.TestCase):
 def setUp(self):
 self.db = Database(':memory:')
 self.db.create_table()

 def test_insert_user(self):
 user = {'id':1, 'name': 'John'}
 self.db.insert_user(user)
 result = self.db.get_user(1)
 self.assertEqual(result[0],1)
 self.assertEqual(result[1], 'John')

 def test_get_user(self):
 user = {'id':2, 'name': 'Alice'}
 self.db.insert_user(user)
 result = self.db.get_user(2)
 self.assertEqual(result[0],2)
 self.assertEqual(result[1], 'Alice')

 def test_update_user(self):
 user = {'id':3, 'name': 'Bob'}
 self.db.insert_user(user)
 new_name = 'Charlie'
 self.db.update_user(3, new_name)
 result = self.db.get_user(3)
 self.assertEqual(result[1], 'Charlie')

 def test_delete_user(self):
 user = {'id':4, 'name': 'Dave'}
 self.db.insert_user(user)
 self.db.delete_user(4)
 result = self.db.get_user(4)
 self.assertIsNone(result)

if __name__ == '__main__':
 unittest.main()

# web_app.pyfrom flask import Flask, request, jsonifyfrom db import Databaseapp = Flask(__name__)
db = Database(':memory:')
db.create_table()

@app.route('/users', methods=['GET'])
def get_users():
 users = db.get_all_users()
 return jsonify(users)

@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>', methods=['GET'])
def get_user(user_id):
 user = db.get_user(user_id)
 if user:
 return jsonify(user)
 else:
 return jsonify({'error': 'User not found'}),404@app.route('/users', methods=['POST'])
def create_user():
 new_user = {
 'id': request.json['id'],
 'name': request.json['name']
 }
 db.insert_user(new_user)
 return jsonify(new_user),201@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>', methods=['PUT'])
def update_user(user_id):
 user = db.get_user(user_id)
 if user:
 new_name = request.json['name']
 db.update_user(user_id, new_name)
 return jsonify({'id': user_id, 'name': new_name}),200 else:
 return jsonify({'error': 'User not found'}),404@app.route('/users/<int:user_id>', methods=['DELETE'])
def delete_user(user_id):
 db.delete_user(user_id)
 return jsonify({'message': 'User deleted'}),200

# test_web_app.pyimport unittestfrom web_app import app, dbclass TestWebApp(unittest.TestCase):
 def setUp(self):
 self.app = app.test_client()

 def test_get_users(self):
 response = self.app.get('/users')
 self.assertEqual(response.status_code,200)
 self.assertIn('John', str(response.data))
 self.assertIn('Alice', str(response.data))

 def test_get_user(self):
 response = self.app.get('/users/1')
 self.assertEqual(response.status_code,200)
 self.assertIn('John', str(response.data))

 def test_create_user(self):
 new_user = {'id':2, 'name': 'Bob'}
 response = self.app.post('/users', json=new_user)
 self.assertEqual(response.status_code,201)
 self.assertIn('Bob', str(response.data))

 def test_update_user(self):
 update_user = {'name': 'Charlie'}
 response = self.app.put('/users/1', json=update_user)
 self.assertEqual(response.status_code,200)
 self.assertIn('Charlie', str(response.data))

 def test_delete_user(self):
 response = self.app.delete('/users/1')
 self.assertEqual(response.status_code,200)
 self.assertNotIn('John', str(response.data))

if __name__ == '__main__':
 unittest.main()