数据结构Python版---设计链表(Day8)

Designing a Linked List A linked list is a fundamental data structure commonly used in computer programming. It is used to store a collection of items, and each item is represented by a node in the list. In this article, we will discuss the principles of designing a linked list, including defining, initializing, traversing, adding, and deleting nodes. 1.1 Algorithm Principles: To design a linked list, we need to focus on two main principles: 1. The current node should point to the next node in the list. 2. We need to loop through the list. 1.2 Designing a Linked List: The following functions are essential in designing a linked list: 2.1 Define the Linked List: To define a linked list, we need to create a class that represents a node in the list. Each node should have two attributes: the node's value and a pointer to the next node. 2.2 Initialize an Empty List: To initialize an empty list, we need to create a new node with a null value and point it to itself. 2.3 Traverse the List: To traverse the list, we need to start from the head of the list and move forward until we reach the end of the list. 2.4 Add a Node to the Head: To add a node to the head of the list, we need to create a new node with the given value, point it to the current head, and then update the head to point to the new node. 2.5 Add a Node to the Tail: To add a node to the tail of the list, we need to create a new node with the given value and point the current tail to the new node. Then, we update the tail to point to the new node. 2.6 Add a Node at a Specified Position: To add a node at a specified position, we need to loop through the list until we reach the desired position. Then, we create a new node with the given value and point it to the next node. Finally, we update the previous node to point to the new node. 2.7 Delete a Node at a Specified Position: To delete a node at a specified position, we need to loop through the list until we reach the desired position. Then, we update the previous node to point to the next node, bypassing the node we want to delete. Conclusion: In summary, designing a linked list requires an understanding of the principles of the algorithm, along with key functions such as defining, initializing, traversing, adding, and deleting nodes. Using these fundamentals, we can create an efficient and flexible data structure for storing and manipulating collections of items.